Set a goal and achieve it. That is causal reasoning. It works pretty well if a domain is well known.
However, in many complex and uncertain environments it’s a recipe for heartache. Imagine if you tried to follow a recipe for which you didn’t have the right ingredients. You’d have to do a lot of extra work just to get started. Instead, you could start with what you had to hand and devise a dish from that.
Starting from what you have and imagining a range of possible futures is Effectual Reasoning and it’s been shown to be the actual way that entrepreneurs achieve success.
Check out The Society for Effectual Action for more information.